20种含笑属植物在广东中山树木园的引种生长表现

以广东中山树木园20种含笑属植物为对象,研究其引种后的生长表现。结果表明：20种含笑属植物在中山树木园均生长良好,分析的13种含笑属植物在胸径、树高及冠幅的生长量上均存在显著差异。本地苗木黄兰、白兰、乐昌含笑及火力楠在树高、胸径及冠幅方面表现优异。2004年于湖南引种的5种含笑以灰绒含笑和多花含笑生长最好;2005至2009年引种的7种含笑属植物以亮叶含笑表现最佳。     

广东中山市芳香植物调查

中山市共有芳香植物39科64属90种,其中裸子植物3科5属6种,双子叶植物31科52属74种,单子叶植物5科7属10种。主要集中于木兰科、樟科、桃金娘科、芸香科、菊科、马鞭草科和姜科等,本文详细介绍了樟树、山苍子、黄栀子、山姜和鱼腥草等重要的芳香植物,并结合其特点及加工方法就合理开发利用提出建议。     

苦皮藤素Ⅳ和Ⅴ混合物对果蝇幼虫神经肌肉兴奋性接点电位的影响

利用细胞内微电极记录技术研究了杀虫植物苦皮藤Celastrus angulatus Max.中麻醉成分苦皮藤素Ⅳ和毒杀成分苦皮藤素Ⅴ混合物对果蝇Drosophila melanogaster 3龄幼虫腹纵肌神经肌肉兴奋性接点电位（EJPs）的作用。结果表明,苦皮藤素Ⅳ比例较高（Ⅳ∶Ⅴ= 3∶1）时对EJPs的影响与单用苦皮藤素Ⅳ差不多,而苦皮藤素Ⅴ比例较高（Ⅳ∶Ⅴ= 1∶1和1∶3）时可使EJPs阻断时间明显延长。根据以上结果初步认为,虽然苦皮藤素Ⅳ和Ⅴ单独对EJPs的阻断作用基本相似,但它们对突触谷氨酸受体通道的影响存在明显差异。     

南京2号人类头骨化石的复位和形态

南京2号人类头骨化石仅保留部分的额骨、顶骨、枕骨和颞骨,为一不完整的颅盖骨。其顶骨和枕骨有数条断裂缝,各断块之间有程度不一的错动,致使该颅盖骨显得外形异常。本项研究是对该颅盖骨的错动部分进行复位,结果表明,南京2号头骨有较大的顶骨、较小的上枕鳞相对宽度、可能较大的颅容量。这些形态提示该头骨与直立人有所不同而与早期智人相近。该头骨所具有的角圆枕、颞鳞顶缘形状、枕骨圆枕发育程度、枕骨的枕平面与项平面过渡情况、枕内隆突点与枕外隆突点的距离、头骨骨壁厚度、脑膜中动脉分支情况、头骨枕面观之轮廓线样式等形态细节,还很难作为可靠的依据把南京2号头骨鉴定为直立人。南京2号头骨很大可能是属于智人亚种(Homo sapiens sapiens)中的一员。     

厦门植物园多肉植物资源及应用评价

本文概述厦门植物园多肉植物资源的种类和类型,描述其栽培特性,评价多肉植物的园林应用及经济价值的开发状况,为进一步开发利用提供依据。     

Phosphate solubilizing rhizobacteria as alternative of chemical fertilizer for growth and yield of Triticum aestivum (Var. Galaxy 2013)

AimThe presence of Phosphorus as a macronutrient in soil is necessary for plant growth and its deficiency restricts crop yield. Therefore, the aim of current study is to isolate promising rhizospheric phosphate solubilizing bacteria presenting with plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and their utilization as biofertilizers to improve Triticum aestivum (Var. Galaxy 2013) growth and nutrition.MethodOut of 30 isolates obtained from rhizosphere of various plants of different regions, 10 best PSRB strains (WumS-3, WumS-4, WumS-5, WumS-11, WumS-12, WumS-21, WumS-24, WumS-25, WumS-26 and WumS-28) were selected based on their high P solubilization and good PGP (auxin, psiderphore, HCN, Nitrogen fixation) activities. Triticum aestivum (Var. Galaxy 2013) was used as an experimental crop under laboratory and field conditions.ResultsIn this study, P solubilization capacity of selected strains were found 4–7 solubilization index on agar plate and 30–246 µg/ml in liquid broth respectively. The optimum conditions for phosphate solubilization under in vitro condition were found 35 °C at pH 7, glucose as good carbon source and ammonium nitrate as a good nitrogen source. Furthermore, the selected strains had the ability to produces phytohormones (indole acetic acid), siderophore, ammonia and Hydrogen Cyanide. Finally, PSRB inoculum showed significant (p < 0.05) increase (50%–80%) in seed germination while 10–90% increase in root length and shoot length was found as compared to control in laboratory condition. Under natural conditions, 40–80% increase in seed germination while 5–34.8% increase in shoot length and 5–96% increase in seed weight was also observed.ConclusionIsolated strains are promising PSRB that enhance plant growth and this research is a base for recommending the use of these bacterial strains for biofertilizer, as an alternative of chemical fertilizer, for Triticum aestivum L. production.     

Urban Areas and Isolated Remnants of Natural Habitats: An Action Proposal for Botanical Gardens

The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) advocates an increase of the number of botanical gardens throughout the world as one of the measures that can help to preserve the world's biodiversity. To implement this strategy, the present work brings forward a suggestion particularly suited to tropical regions: establishing municipal botanical gardens. It refers to the experience of a newly opened municipal botanical garden in Brazil, comparing its attractive power on visitors to that of other botanical gardens included in the Brazilian network of Botanical Gardens. It also presents considerations on in situ conservation in small remnants and on the importance of urban reserves to preserve the regional biodiversity and spread the conservationist philosophy. The present proposal promotes the participation of local communities making the public opinion more aware and active, besides being able to counterbalance proposals that support protecting the world biodiversity through interventionist actions. It assumes that, through actions planned and coordinated by regional and national botanical garden networks, the measure proposed can mitigate the anthropic actions exerted on important natural reserves all over the world.